Analysis Of The Poem If I Should Learn - 858 Words

After first reading Edna St. Vincent Millay’s lyric poem, â€Å"If I Should Learn, in Some Quite Casual Way,† one may be taken aback by just how unconcerned the speaker, possibly Millay herself, seems to be with this scenario. Only after going back through the poem a time or two can one understand what Millay truly means. Figures of speech are methodically placed to give the impression that not much effort went into this mere thought. In the opening lines of Millay’s poem, it seems as if she is speaking to a lover. The tone of the poem is set in the first line, â€Å"in some quite casual way† (1). Throughout the sonnet, one senses a frighteningly casual tone, something very matter of fact, as if these fourteen lines are a passing thought in Millay’s head. The alliteration of â€Å"quite casual† supports the plain-spoken tone, giving a feel of simple, everyday speech. Millay imagines that as she is on the subway, she casually glances over and notices on â€Å"the back-page of a paper, say / Held by a neighbor† (3-4) her lover is gone and not to return. She reveals in the next quatrain that her lover, â€Å"a hurrying man† (7), was killed at noon that day. Millay points out how casual the incident is, saying how the man who â€Å"happened to be killed† (8) just so â€Å"happened to be† (7) her lover. She includes the repetition of â€Å"happened to be† to strengthen the poem’s casual mood. In the final quatrain, after reading the information on this paper, Millay could not or would not cry out loud but insteadShow MoreRelatedPoems: Poetry and Free Verse Poem774 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Journal Project **Due Monday, February 4, 2013** You will create a poetry journal. It will contain 20 poems. Each poem will contain one of the items below. You may not use the same poem twice. You may not use any poem we have read in class. 1. Rhyme (any kind) 11. Free Verse Poem 2. Imagery 12. Narrative Poem 3. Simile 13. Lyric Poem 4. Metaphor 14. Consonance 5. Alliteration 15. Assonance 6. Personification 16. Refrain 7. HyperboleRead MoreThe Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden Essay970 Words   |  4 Pages The poem that I am going to talk about is the Unknown Citizen by W.H Auden. I am going to talk about what I first glimpse in the poem but then after further study what you actually see. At the start of the poem under the title it has a serial number, also it shows that he is getting a monument erected in honour of him. This already gives you an Read MoreTradition And The Individual Talent944 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough time, and it is ever changing. In Eliot’s critical analysis â€Å"Tradition and the Individual Talent† tradition is something considered passed down but in a poetry sense, it is something that is not inherited, it is something that requires great ambition and focus to learn from past poets. A great poet must learn from predecessors of the difficult art before he or she takes to writing great poetry. According to Eliot writers must learn from the past, conform to present-day traditions, and realizeRead MoreAcquainted With The Night By Robert Frost Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesAcquainted with Ambiguity: An Analysis of Robert’s Frost’s â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† Born at the end of the 19th century and writing into the 20th century, poet Robert Frost is famous for putting a 20th century spin on 19th century poetic conventions (Robert Frost). His 1928 poem â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is one of the best examples of this spin, combining modern experimental techniques with a set structure and rhyme scheme. In the poem, the speaker recounts his/her ambiguous relationshipRead MoreQuestions On Lesson Construction Template1684 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept to be covered in this lesson.] â€Å"I really, really loved the book I just finished!†, said Angela. â€Å"It was probably the best book I have ever read!† â€Å"Wow,† answered Steve. â€Å"Why did you like it so much?† To convince Steve that he should read the book, Angela needs to analyze it for him. In other words, she needs to show him WHY she liked it so much using specific details and examples. In this lesson, you will learn how to create an effective analysis for a poem or other text. Today s lesson objectiveRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Weary Blues Essay1299 Words   |  6 Pagesloved it. In the poem of The Weary Blues, people alive through music, and the strong power of music supported the suffering of the black people in that time period. The poem describes the speaker listening to a musician plays blues in Harlem. Langston Hughes wrote The Weary Blues in free verse, he also used an irregular rhyme theme, thus the poem sounds like a piece of speech or music. The speaker also uses special dictions and repeats the lines of blues lyrics. Hence the tone of the poem is comparativelyRead MorePoetry Analysis of Introduction to Poetry837 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry analysis of ‘Introduction to Poetry’ The Poem â€Å"Introduction to Poetry† is by Billy Collins, an English poet, and it is about how teachers often force students to over-analyze poetry and to try decipher every possible meaning portrayed throughout the poem rather than allowing the students to form their own interpretation of the poem based on their own experiences. Throughout the poem, a number of literary devices are used. For example: â€Å"or press an ear against its hive†. Using this metaphorRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Literature And Literature873 Words   |  4 Pageswriters, as well as literary historians have failed to construct an agreeable definition (Bressler 12). When one thinks of literature, he or she should think of literary criticism—different critical perspectives. Literary criticism requires readers to analyze literary texts with knowledge of theories. Thus, the next time one reads a text, he or she should first identify the theory that he or she plans to use. The theories represent a set of critical lens that one will use to analyze the text criticallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Rich s Diving Into The Wreck 1258 Words   |  6 Pages If you were asked to paraphrase what happens in the poem, what would you say? What does it mean to dive into the wreck? Taking Adrienne Rich’s â€Å"Diving into the Wreck† at face value, one may literally summarize the poem by stating that an individual, hearing stories about a wrecked ship, decided to dive down to the fabled ship alone to see it for themselves and found it. However, reading between the lines, one may also feel that the poem is more than just an adventure for the narrator, but ratherRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem I Was The Hardest Paper For Me 899 Words   |  4 PagesStarting out in this class I was not sure if I was going to have another situation like in my literary analysis. I found that I often discouraged myself several times why writing. The paper I want to focus on in this reflection is my Analysis paper. The analysis paper was by far the hardest paper for me. Not because I did not know how to do it or even for the simple fact that I did not want to do it. I was hard because I could not figure out which way I wanted to portray the poem I decided to work with

Affirmative Action Discrimination And Ethnicity Essay

Lucia Lopez Intro to Philosophy Professor Gill Affirmative Action In â€Å"Arguing Affirmative Action,† Harvard professor Michael J. Sandel discusses the arguments that have arisen from the entry of affirmative action into practice. Affirmative action refers to admission policies, in this case put into effect by universities, that provide equal access to education for groups that have been historically excluded or underrepresented, such as women and minorities. In his essay, Sandel asks whether it is unjust to consider race and ethnicity as factors in university admissions. He expresses the argument that using race and ethnicity as factors are not effective in achieving the goals of affirmative action, and that other criteria such as economic class would help more students in need. I disagree with this argument and instead believe that it is just for race/ethnicity to be a factor in college admissions. One of the reasons affirmative action has been put into practice in universities is to, as Sandel puts it, â€Å"compensate for past wrongs .† This means that because minorities have been historically discriminated against, they are at an unfair disadvantage and affirmative action serves to give these students equal standing in admissions. Sandel points out, however, that those who benefit from affirmative action are not necessarily those who suffered. For example, a white student who has experienced economic struggle might not have been admitted to a university while a black studentShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination910 Words   |  4 PagesFirst affirmative action refers to policies offering compensation to groups formerly targeted for discrimination and identified along social cleavages - racial groups in the United States and South Africa, and religious groups in Northern Ireland. Affirmative action is a federally mandated program for federal contractors as it relates to employment. Civil rights result from a series of federal and state civil rights laws and provide protecti on from discrimination and harassment on a variety of basesRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination927 Words   |  4 PagesLegally, affirmative action refers to policies offering compensation to groups formerly targeted for discrimination and identified along social cleavages racial groups in the United States and South Africa, and religious groups in Northern Ireland. Affirmative action is also described as a federally mandated program for federal contractors as it relates to employment. Civil Right results from federal and state laws against discrimination. Some groups of people have been discriminated and harassmentRead MoreAffirmative Doublethink919 Words   |  4 Pagesdoublethink in our present-day societies that are used globally. For example, discrimination against race, gender, and ethnicity is still a large issue and several doublethink policies and social customs promote discrimination even more in efforts to stop discrimination. Affirmative ac tion is an example of doublethink that, in that in its effort to stop discrimination, promotes it through reverse discrimination. Affirmative action can trace its roots to President John F. Kennedy’s Executive Order 10925Read MoreAffirmative Action Is Not Based On Reason Or Actual Experience1584 Words   |  7 Pagesthe concept affirmative action extensively across the United States. Affirmative action is discriminating in favor of racial minorities in admissions, hiring, tenure, contracting, and financial aid. When two people are equally qualified for a job or admission opportunity is it acceptable to make the choice based on race, sex, or ethnicity? It is widely known that affirmative action is admissible. There is an opposition between the American ideal of individualism and affirmative action. IndividualismRead MoreAffirmative Action Is Important For Society1649 Words   |  7 Pages Affirmative action Affirmative action is an attempt to address past discriminatory injustices which may be based on gender, race or ethnicity. Affirmative action may take the form of policies and programs which are mostly mandated by governments and designed to bring changes in organizations, companies and educational institutions. Affirmative action is a vital tool which provides qualified people with equal access to educational or professional opportunities that they would otherwise have beenRead MoreAffirmative Action : African American And Hispanic870 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen generally underrepresented by his ethnicity, he has led a successful life without affirmative action. Since Santiago was both African American and Hispanic he dealt with identity issues and stereotypes throughout his adolescent life. Even though affirmative action is supposed to make attempts to improve opportunities for groups that were historically excluded it is still a form of discrimination itself. The preference of one race over another is discrimination despite the fact if the group is gainingRead MoreThe New Prime Minister Of Canada1648 Words   |  7 Pagesasking the question: â€Å"Is an affirmative action cabinet truly a meaningful (and effective) way to right the wrongs of the past and recognize the importance and significance of women in Canadian society?† Those who ask questions similar to the one above share the common view that the way in which Mr. Trudeau has decided to approach the barriers women face in society is not progressive, rather, is demeaning, sexist and ends up implying exactly what the core of gender discrimination is in the first place;Read MoreAffirmative Action : The Case For Abolition1638 Words   |  7 PagesAffirmative Action: The Case for Abolishment America is founded on the belief that all citizens are free to pursue their ambitions regardless of race, color, creed, or national origin. Yet, for the last fifty years, Affirmative Action has created an educational and work environment less focused on equality and more focused on ethnicity. There is no benefit for the United States to enforce Affirmative Action for minorities in educational and employment opportunities and equal treatment, because itRead MoreAffirmative Action Is Important For The Future Of The Diversified Generations Of America Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pages Affirmative Action In Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream Speech, he states â€Å"I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character† for this reason affirmative action in higher education admission should alter for it creates a perpetual racial preference in admission. Affirmative action is controversial due its issue of whether the generation of today should pay for the past injustices done to certain ethnicities. It questions the constitutionalityRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Effect On Society Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on a person’s race is wrong. For this reason affirmative action in higher education admission should alter for it creates a perpetual racial preference in admission. Affirmative action is controversial due its issue of whether the generation of today should pay for the past injustices done to certain ethnicities. It questions the constitutionality of its existence and whether it perpetuates racial discrimination. Although affirmative action greatly promotes diversity and exposes diverse perspectives

Valuation Apv vs Wacc Free Essays

The three approaches value the entire firm but they differ around the way they treat tax shields. We will first review the rational and the underlying assumptions behind each approach. We will then use a numerical example to illustrate the mechanics behind the three approaches and show under which assumptions they yield the same results. We will write a custom essay sample on Valuation: Apv vs Wacc or any similar topic only for you Order Now Enterprise Valuation According to Modigliani and Miller, the value of a company’s economic assets must equal the value of the claims against those assets. Enterprise valuation models value the sum of the cash flows to all claim holders, including equity holders and debt holders and discount them to the appropriate cost of capital. The cash flow available to all claim holders is called the free cash flow (FCF) from operations and is defined below: FCF = EBIAT + Depreciation – Capital Expenditure – Increases in Working Capital EBIAT is the income the company earns after tax without regard to how the company is financed. Non-cash expenses such as Depreciation are then added. Because we are valuing a going concern we also take into account the cash flow management will retain for new capital expenditures and possible increase in working capital. The remaining is in effect the cash available to owners and creditors. By definition free cash flow is independent from leverage (and is often referred as un-levered free cash flow). Therefore the value derived from the interest tax shield (interest on debt is tax deductible) has still to be incorporated in the enterprise valuation. This is where the three approaches WACC, APV and CCF differ: †¢ The WACC approach values the tax shield by adjusting the cost of capital †¢ The APV approach values the tax shield separately from the un-levered free cash flow †¢ The CCF approach values the tax shield by incorporating it in the cash flow The Weighted Average Cost of Capital Approach To determine the value of the enterprise, the free cash flows from operations have to be discounted to present value. According to Modigliani and Miller’s proposition number one without taxes or financial market mperfections the cost of capital does not depend on financing so the weighted average of the expected returns to debt and equity investors equals the opportunity cost of capital regardless of leverage: Rd x D/V + Re x E/V = Ra = Constant independent of D/V Ra = Opportunity cost of capital = Un-levered cost of equity = Return on assets = pre-tax WACC Rd = Cost of debt, Re = Cost of equity, D/V and E/V = Target l evels of debt and equity using market values Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper Page 2 of 8 None of the components of the cost of capital are directly observable and therefore need to be approximated using various models and assumptions. The cost of equity is derived from the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) while the cost of debt can be estimated from the firm credit rating and default risk or from yields on publicly traded debt. However interest on debt is tax deductible so if we were to discount free cash flows from operations using Ra we would not take into account the value of the tax shield. Therefore the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is used instead. WACC includes an adjustment to the cost of debt by the marginal tax rate (Tm): WACC = Rd x (1-Tm) x D/V + Re x E/V (= Ra – Rd x Tm x D/V) WACC is less than the opportunity cost of capital Ra because the cost of debt is calculated after tax as Rd (1-Tm). Thus the tax advantages of debt financing are reflected in a lower discount rate. The WACC equals the opportunity cost of capital when there is no debt and declines with financial leverage because of increasing interest tax shields. The WACC increases again when the debt level becomes significant relative to the value of the firm reflecting the main costs associated with borrowing, the costs of bankruptcy. Figure 1: WACC as a Function of the Debt Ratio Rates of Return Re R WACC Rd Debt to Equity Discounting all future cash flows using a constant WACC assumes that the company manages its capital structure to a fixed debt to value ratio (D/V). Therefore the company’s WACC is the right discount rate only if the company’s debt ratio (D/V) is expected to remain reasonably close to constant. However if the company is expected to significantly change its capital structure (i. e. Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper Page 3 of 8 constant level of debt, LBO, recapitalization), the WACC would have to be continuously adjusted which makes the approach more difficult to apply. The Adjusted Present Value Approach The APV approach values the cash flows associated with capital structure independently by separating the value of operations into two components: the value of the firm without debt and the benefits and the costs of borrowing: Value of the firm = Value of the un-levered firm + Present value of interest tax shields – Costs of financial distress The value of the un-levered firm is obtained by discounting free cash flows at the return on assets (Ra). If the company manages its debt-to-value to a target level (D/V=constant) then the interest tax shield is as risky as the firm and should be discounted at Ra. In this case the APV approach yields the same results as the WACC approach but is computationally less efficient. However if the debt is assumed to be a fixed amount (D=constant) the interest tax shield is less risky than the firm but as risky as the debt itself and should be discounted at the cost of debt. In this case the APV approach is not only the only correct approach, it is also computationally very efficient if the tax saving are considered as perpetuity since: Present value of interest tax shields = (Tm x Rd x D) / Rd = Tm x D The main risk in using the APV approach is to ignore the costs of financial distress, especially at very high debt ratios, which leads to an overvaluation of the firm. The Capital Cash Flow Approach Capital cash flows are simply derived from free cash flows by adding interest tax shields: CCF = FCF + Interest tax shield = FCF + Tm x Rd x D With this approach capital cash flows are then discounted at the return on assets. This implicitly assumes that interest tax shields are as risky as the firm and are discounted at the return on assets. This is true when debt is a fixed proportion of value. Under this assumption the capital cash flow approach will generate the same results as the WACC approach. Furthermore if the debt is forecasted in levels instead of a debt-to-value ratio the CCF approach is easier to use because the tax shield are simple to calculate and to include in the CCF. If the forecasted debt levels imply a change in the debt-to-value ratio, the CCF retains his simplicity since the discount rate, the return on assets, is independent of the capital structure and can be used for every forecast period. Therefore the approach is easier to apply in transactions involving change in capital structure such as a LBO or a restructuring. However in this case discounting the interest tax shields at Ra is a simplifying assumption since the risk of those cash flows is not anymore the same as the risk associate with the firm. Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper Page 4 of 8 Numerical Example Table 1 shows the financial assumptions underlying our numerical example. The firm is valued over a period of 5 years during which EBIT is growing at 5% per annum and depreciation, capital expenditure and increase in working capital are constant. However the firm’s capital structure changes significantly through the repayment of a major portion of its debt. Table 1: Assumptions (in â‚ ¬) Risk Free Rate Market Risk Premium Tax Rate Asset Beta Debt Beta EBIT Depreciation Capex Increase in NWC Debt Year 1 5% 7% 40% 1. 2 0. 4 100,000 50,000 60,000 10,000 100,000 Year 2 5% 7% 40% 1. 2 0. 35 105,000 50,000 60,000 10,000 50,000 Year 3 5% 7% 40% 1. 2 0. 3 110,250 50,000 60,000 10,000 25,000 Year 4 5% 7% 40% 1. 2 0. 25 115,763 50,000 60,000 10,000 12,500 Year 5 5% 7% 40% 1. 2 0. 2 121,551 50,000 60,000 10,000 6,250 We will start valuing the firm using the WACC approach (see table 2). This is the less appropriated and most complex methodology given the forecasted changes in capital structure. Indeed the WACC needs to be recalculated every year and an iterative calculation has to be used since the value of the firm for each year is required to derive the percentage of debt and equity. The firm value in year N is the value of the remaining cash flows. For instance the value of the firm at the beginning of Year 3 is the value of the remaining cash flow in Year 3, 4 and 5 discounted using the WACC in year 3, 4 and 5. Table 2: WACC Valuation (in â‚ ¬) EBIT – Taxes on EBIT = EBIAT + Depreciation – Capex – Increase in NWC = FCF Percent Debt Cost of Debt After Tax Cost of Debt Percent Equity Return on Assets Cost of Equity WACC Discount Factor PV Firm Value Year 1 100,000 (40,000) 60,000 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 40,000 61. 3% 7. 8% 4. 7% 38. 7% 13. 4% 22. 3% 11. 5% 0. 90 35,878 163,178 Year 2 105,000 (42,000) 63,000 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 43,000 35. 2% 7. 5% 4. 5% 64. 8% 13. 4% 16. 6% 12. 4% 0. 80 34,329 141,923 Year 3 110,250 (44,100) 66,150 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 46,150 21. 5% 7. 1% 4. 3% 78. 5% 13. 4% 15. 1% 12. 8% 0. 71 32,666 116,451 Year 4 115,763 (46,305) 69,458 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 49,458 14. 7% 6. 8% 4. 1% 85. 3% 13. 4% 14. 5% 13. 0% 0. 63 30,979 85,196 Year 5 121,551 (48,620) 72,930 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 52,930 13. 3% 6. 4% 3. 8% 86. 7% 13. 4% 14. 5% 13. 1% 0. 55 29,325 46,817 Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper Page 5 of 8 The cost of debt is calculated using CAPM: The cost of equity is calculated using the MM proposition I: Rd = Rf + ? d x MRP Re = (Ra – D/V Rd) / (E/V) Using the WACC approach we find a value for the firm of â‚ ¬163,178. Next we use the APV approach to value the firm calculating separately the value of the un-levered firm and the value of the interest tax shield (Tm x Rd x D). The approach is straightforward in this case since we are given a forecast of the level of debt. We find that the APV approach yields the same firm value (â‚ ¬163,178) as the WACC approach when discounting interest tax shield at Ra. We also illustrate that using Rd would yield a higher valuation of the firm (this is not the correct discount rate in this case given that the debt is not constant). Table 3: APV Valuation (in â‚ ¬) FCF Return on Assets Discount Factor PV Value of Unlevered Firm Interest Tax Shield Return on Assets Ra Discount Factor PV Value of Interest Tax Shield @ Ra Interest Tax Shield Cost of Debt Rd Discount Factor PV Value of Interest Tax Shield @ Rd Value of Firm with ITS @ Ra Value of Firm with ITS @ Rd Year 1 40,000 13. 4% 0. 88 35,273 158,491 3,120 13. % 0. 88 2,751 4,686 3,120 7. 8% 0. 93 2,894 5,121 163,178 163,613 Year 2 43,000 13. 4% 0. 78 33,438 Year 3 46,150 13. 4% 0. 69 31,647 Year 4 49,458 13. 4% 0. 60 29,907 Year 5 52,930 13. 4% 0. 53 28,225 1,490 13. 4% 0. 78 1,159 710 13. 4% 0. 69 487 338 13. 4% 0. 60 204 160 13. 4% 0. 53 85 1,490 7. 5% 0. 86 1,286 710 7. 1% 0. 81 572 338 6. 8% 0. 76 255 160 6. 4% 0. 71 114 Finally we use the CCF approach. The calculation clearly shows how th e interest tax shields are incorporated in the cash flows and then discounted at Ra. The CCF approach is equivalent to the WACC approach. Furthermore the approach also produces the same value as the APV method with interest tax shields discounted at Ra. Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper Page 6 of 8 Table 4: CCF Valuation (in â‚ ¬) EBIT – Taxes on EBIT = EBIAT + Depreciation – Capex – Increase in NWC + Interest tax Shield = CCF Return on Assets Discount Factor PV Firm Value Year 1 100,000 (40,000) 60,000 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 3,120 43,120 13. 4% 0. 88 38,025 163,178 Year 2 105,000 (42,000) 63,000 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 1,490 44,490 13. 4% 0. 8 34,597 Year 3 110,250 (44,100) 66,150 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 710 46,860 13. 4% 0. 69 32,134 Year 4 115,763 (46,305) 69,458 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 338 49,795 13. 4% 0. 60 30,112 Year 5 121,551 (48,620) 72,930 50,000 (60,000) (10,000) 160 53,090 13. 4% 0. 53 28,311 Conclusions The three enterprise valuation techniques considered in this paper are different in the way they treat interest tax shields. However we have seen that the WACC approach and the CCF approach are identical and that under certain assumptions the APV approach also yields the same valuation. The WACC approach is easy to use and efficient when the assumption that capital structure will not change in the future can be made (D/V= constant). If debt level is forecasted to remain constant in absolute term (D=constant), the APV approach should be used discounting the interest tax shield at the cost of debt. Finally the CCF approach is the appropriate and most efficient approach when forecasted debt levels imply a change in capital structure. In this case it is also equivalent to the APV approach discounting the interest tax shield at the return on assets. Fabrice Bienfait IFM Final Paper How to cite Valuation: Apv vs Wacc, Papers

Fairfax Media Csr Corporate Communication â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Fairfax Media Csr Corporate Communication? Answer: Introduction Fairfax Media Limited [ASX:FXJ] is positioned as an innovative and renowned media firm in New Zealand and Australia. The company has renowned voice command services that help in connecting with the engaging groups. Fairfax Companys reporting structure along with its strategies is focused on keeping individuals educated and linked for over 185 years. Business segments of the company are Domain Group, Australian Metro Publishing, Digital Ventures and Fairfax New Zealand (Alam 2014). Fairfax Company maintains an link of renowned sites, tablet along with cell phone applications and online information company sites such as smh.com.au and theage.com.au in Australia and stuff.co.nz in New Zealand. The company additionally has famous transactions sites in Australia. The objective of the paper is to analyze Fairfax Media Company CSR along with analysing its corporate communications strategy. Moreover, the paper will also focus on integrating CSR and issues management of the company along with evaluating the consistency of Fairfax Media within corporate commutations messages. Integrating CSR and Issues Management CSR can be defined as a concept following which companies deal with social and ecological concerns in their business and coordinate with their partners within the global premise. Analyzing the threats of the company is essential in running a successful company. Risks might contribute to the companys loss. Within CSR functions there exist four general risk zones (Baylis et al. 2017). Store network this is country based, for example, misleading human rights, or organization based threats such as contamination Operational dangers this focuses on issues regarding direction, employee engagement and risky operations Item these results in use of risky crude materials (e.g. atomic energy) and the company to have security concerns. Societal desires this ensures the aspects demanded by the society from a company in 21st Century Organizations try to maintain effective operations, their value chain, innovation and the business sectors on which they work. This presented threats related with the human rights and work conditions. These "CSR threats" can affect the picture of the organization, which can prompt money related misfortune through purchaser blacklists and business-opportunity misfortune. A hazard is "an occasion or circumstance which could antagonistically or, then again usefully influence the business' capacity to accomplish its targets, keep up a decent notoriety what's more, and meet partner desires". A CSR hazard happens when there are a whole bathe company the desires from society and the organization business conduct. An organization should be delicate to the move in desires of its partners to have the capacity to expect CSR dangers. Desires are generally raised by feeling influencers, and communicated through the media and the Internet. On the off chance that an organization gets new patterns q uick and reacts rapidly, it will probably oversee CSR hazards and rising CSR issues. This report takes after and characterizes an issue as a state of exchange or question that is deserving of consideration when it can affect the association. Corporate social responsibility is a type of administration that considers moral issues in all parts of the business. Vital choices of an organization have both social and monetary results. Social duty of an organization is a principle component of the technique plan process (Chambers and Odar 2015). There is a misinterpretation that corporate social duty is less pertinent to private ventures; in any case, there is developing acknowledgment of the significance of social obligation regarding littler firms. Corporate social duty (CSR) and issues administration are major to hierarchical missions and long haul financial and group achievement. These two points are connected; both relate particularly to the contract of particular political economies. Though vital issues administration (SIM) is a train that helps associations, basically organizations in their acclimation to the political economy, CSR has a tendency to be different troubled and instantiated standards reflecting inclinations of operations implanted in the content of each political economy. Starting with SIM as a rationale, justification, and set of key alternatives for proactive engagement that limit the limitation of one arrangement of interests and work for the arrangement of interests, this section tends to CSR as a challenged method of reasoning for authenticity. It contends for CSR as a dynamic foundation for SIM, lastly addresses administration decisions and changes and correspondence challenges. Contemplations of corpor ate social obligation (CSR), and in addition overseeing hierarchical issues, are as old as associations themselves. In spite of the fact that not rehearsed nor pushed in the past to the degree it is today, CSR and issues administration are basic to authoritative missions and long haul financial and group achievement. The role of CSR within Fairfax Media The companys business keep up a solid concentrate on ecological and corporate social obligation (CSR). The company assumes a dynamic part in supporting neighborhood groups. The company uses our position as team leader to help along with opening up conducts and reasons those are adjusted to business goals. The company does this through sponsorships, joint efforts and raising support battles and in addition giving limited time introduction over our broad system of media resources. By driving discussions that issue and making associations that tally in the groups the company serve, Fairfax likewise utilizes its confided in voice to convey an effective open great. Quality, autonomous reporting makes groups more grounded more thoughtful, more open and straightforward. The company holds governments and the capable up to open examination and to account. At Fairfax, the company endeavor to be precise and reasonable in our detailing. The company has set up inward procedures which expect to g uarantee this happens. The company effectively support and store media industry self-direction. The companys CSR and manageability technique considers dangers and consumer interests, government, investors and groups additionally social along with environmental parts of our business exercises and the effect on long haul money related feasibility. By coordinating CSR and maintainability into center business process and people management, Fairfax can attain an objective of developing social as well as corporate esteem. Fairfax has a mix of combined and decentralized CSR and manageability projects that makes sure to guarantee several advantages to our neighborhood groups, consumers along with the representatives. Such projects are looked into yearly and execution is following the company, measured and investigated. There are five key columns in our CSR and maintainability methodology: Condition Publication Integrity Group Individuals and Culture Money related Viability and Sustainability Fairfax Media plays its part being a capable business and puts stock in significance of offering to groups within which the company has its work close by. The organization is main follower of media industry in New Zealand's occasions that encompass CAANZ Media Awards, CAANZ Axis Awards, CAANZ Effie Awards, NZ Marketing Awards, Fairfax/Ad Media Agency of the Year Awards, and Fairfax Media AWARD Copy School. Several media occasions it underpins incorporate the Sir Terry McLean Awards, Aotearoa Students' Press Association Awards and the Mike Robson Fellowship. The company additionally embraces various beneficent activities inside the social division, banding together with a scope of group gatherings to profit the countrys people. Within local level, daily papers bolster their neighborhood groups by sponsorship along with scope of donning, social, creative and philanthropy activities. First Books of Fairfax Auckland Ports within the Bays New Zealander of the Year Awards Hall of Fame of Fairfax Media Business Manageable Business Conducts Role of CSR Issues Management for Fairfax Media Through their operations, value chain and technology Fairfax Media Company gets expose to several risks related with the human rights, labor, environment and anti-corruption areas. Such risks associated to CSR are deemed to affect the reputation, image and brand of Fairfax Company. CSR risks can be faced by the company in case there is a gap between the society expectations and business behavior of the organization. Fairfax Media Company requires being sensitive regarding the shift in expectations of its stakeholders for making itself capable to estimate likely CSR risks. CSR issues management provides the organization with an occasion regarding response to emerging business issues before they are spread in the public. One of the CST issue management strategy for Fairfax Media Company will be to develop the company to higher CSR standard and decrease vulnerability areas for the business. The CSR issues those are determined by the internal factors within Fairfax Media are signified as its decreased interest within corporate social responsibility initiatives, decreasing profits and strategies that are not as per the needs of the market. It has also been revealed that the consumers tend to prefer purchasing from organizations that links themselves positively towards maintaining corporate social responsibility conducts (Duncan and Whittington 2014). This is for the reason that there is important of community issues in which the company must be interested to develop their CSR conducts. Moreover, the environmental concerns determine the help of organizations. For attaining the corporate objective of improving companys brand image and reputation, Fairfax Media thrives to invest within corporate social responsibility conducts. Consistency of Fairfax Media Corporate Communication Messages400 The companys business keep up a solid concentrate on ecological and corporate social obligation (CSR). The company assumes a dynamic part in supporting neighborhood groups. The company uses our position as a group pioneer to help and open up activities and causes which are adjusted to business goals. The company does this through sponsorships, joint efforts and raising support battles and in addition giving limited time introduction over our broad system of media resources. By driving discussions that issue and making associations that tally in the groups the company serve, Fairfax likewise utilizes its confided in voice to convey an effective open great. Quality, autonomous reporting makes groups more grounded more thoughtful, more open and straightforward. The company holds governments and the capable up to open examination and to account. At Fairfax, the company endeavor to be precise and reasonable in our detailing. The company has set up inward procedures which expect to guaran tee this happens. The company effectively support and store media industry self-direction. The companys CSR and manageability technique considers dangers and the interests of our clients, representatives, investors and groups, and additionally social and ecological parts of our business exercises and the effect on long haul money related feasibility. The companys business keep up a solid concentrate on ecological and corporate social obligation (CSR). The company assumes a dynamic part in supporting neighborhood groups. The company uses our position as a group pioneer to help and open up activities and causes which are adjusted to business goals. The company does this through sponsorships, joint efforts and raising support battles and in addition giving limited time introduction over our broad system of media resources. By driving discussions that issue and making associations that tally in the groups the company serve, Fairfax likewise utilizes its confided in voice to convey an effective open great. Quality, autonomous reporting makes groups more grounded more thoughtful, more open and straightforward. The company holds governments and the capable up to open examination and to account. At Fairfax, the company endeavor to be precise and reasonable in our detailing. The company has set up inward procedures which expect to guaran tee this happens. The company effectively support and store media industry self-direction. The companys CSR and manageability technique considers dangers and the interests of our clients, representatives, investors and groups, and additionally social and ecological parts of our business exercises and the effect on long haul money related feasibility. Overall Evaluation of Communication and Recommendations Ensure social duty program mirrors image- The Company must begin with how the social obligation is worded or introduced. It must correspond with your image informing, which means it ought to have a connection or association with the company image characteristics. How you do your CSR exercises ought to likewise incorporate the brand, even from the way the group speaks with the group or beneficiaries of the CSR. Indeed, even the materials utilized as a part of your CSR ought to likewise, the companies much as could be expected, utilize a similar look and feel, keeping in mind the end goal to empathy company moment review among the individuals who see it (Decaux and Sarens 2015). Make it feasible for them to effortlessly relate your CSR with your brand.CSR is not restricted to giving cash or other material things. Indeed, even various hours of doing humanitarian effort will do, and are probably going to be instrumental in helping their image little, the companies it is pick up acknowled gment. Online networking stages have empathy company red organizations to have a more extensive reach, and this is likewise an incredible chance to present its philanthropic endeavors. In acknowledgment of the energy of online networking, administration even makes the company-based social networking groups inside their positions, and they are in charge of dealing with their the company-based social networking accounts. These online networking accounts are the ideal roads to share the organization's CSR stories. That way, regardless of the possibility that the media is not ready to cover it, there is as yet at the company full approach to let the general population thinks about the organization's social duty endeavors. They catchphrase here is "dynamic". The organization ought to effectively utilize online networking keeping in mind the end goal to expand mindfulness about the organization's social duty exercises and, in the meantime, increment mark value. Social duty enhances an organization's open picture. Organizations know about the significance of general society, particularly their intended interest group, having a positive impression of them. Obviously, their social obligation, as a matter of first importance, is convey great incentive for cash and give renowned items and administrations, trailed by giving great after-deals bolster, consumer advantages, combination in supports and metro reasons, and largely performing acts that exhibit the way in which the company is concerned about their clients, the earth along with public in general. On the off chance that one see, companies having increased social obligation strategies indicates improvement signs in media scope, so that a single approach is used to make their organization renowned. Attaining increased press through conducting benevolent acts is considered by organizations to be extraordinary compared to other approaches to promote the organization. Conclusion The objective of the paper was to analyze Fairfax Media Company CSR along with analysing its corporate communications strategy. Moreover, the paper will focussed on integrating CSR and issues management of the company along with evaluating the consistency of Fairfax Media within corporate communications messages. It was gathered from the paper that Fairfax has an arrangement of renowned sites, tablet along with cell phone applications that encompass online news from company sites in Australia and in New Zealand. The company additionally has renowned ordered along with transactions sites in Australia. The Company must begin with how the social obligation is worded or introduced. It must correspond with your image informing, which means it ought to have a connection or association with the company image characteristics. The way the company does CSR exercises ought to likewise incorporate the brand, even from the way the group speaks with the group or beneficiaries of the CSR. References Alam, I.U., 2014. Effectual compliance audit of vendors development. Baylis, R.M., Burnap, P., Clatworthy, M.A., Gad, M.A. and Pong, C.K., 2017. Private lenders demand for audit.Journal of Accounting and Economics. Brawley, S., Clark, J., Dixon, C., Ford, L., Nielsen, E., Ross, S. and Upton, S., 2015. History on trial: Evaluating learning outcomes through audit and accreditation in a national standards environment.Teaching and Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal,3(2), pp.89-105. Chambers, A.D. and Odar, M., 2015. A new vision for internal audit.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(1), pp.34-55. Cohen, J.R. and Simnett, R., 2014. CSR and assurance services: A research agenda.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(1), pp.59-74. Decaux, L. and Sarens, G., 2015. Implementing combined assurance: insights from multiple case studies.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(1), pp.56-79. Duncan, B. and Whittington, M., 2014, September. Compliance with standards, assurance and audit: Does this equal security?. InProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks(p. 77). ACM. Earley, C.E., Hooks, K.L., Joe, J.R., Polinski, P.W., Rezaee, Z., Roush, P.B., Sanderson, K.A. and Wu, Y.J., 2016. The Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Organization 's Response to the International Auditing and Assurance Standard's Board's Invitation to Comment: Enhancing Audit Quality in the Public Interest.Current Issues in Auditing,11(1), pp.C1-C25. Graham, L., 2015.Internal Control Audit and Compliance: Documentation and Testing Under the New COSO Framework. John Wiley Sons. Homb, N.M., Sheybani, S., Derby, D. and Wood, K., 2014. Audit and feedback intervention: An examination of differences in chiropractic record-keeping compliance.Journal of Chiropractic Education,28(2), pp.123-129. Jones, G. and Beattie, C., 2015. Local government internal audit compliance.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,9(3), p.59. Levy, M., 2015. Protecting customer data: with personal information at risk, internal auditors must provide assurance for the many facets that make up data security.Internal Auditor,72(4), pp.32-37. Martin, K., Sanders, E. and Scalan, G., 2014. The potential impact of COSO internal control integrated framework revision on internal audit structured SOX work programs.Research in Accounting Regulation,26(1), pp.110-117.

Communication Principles and Barriers Contributing to Poor Communication between People of Different Cultures

Critical Components of a Successful Organization

Critical Components of a Successful Organization Free Online Research Papers Marketing, financing, and an excellent human resource department are essentials in any organization that is successful. Marketing is the area in an organization that focuses on the needs and wants of customers and turning the needs and wants into satisfaction of the customer. Having marketing an organization can make or break the company. Without marketing, a company can not get the products and goods out on the streets to sell and will cause the company to not make profit. The prices are important as well to the customer. If one can purchase the same thing from another company at a cheaper price, the customer may tend to go with the more inexpensive price. In the marketing department of an organization, there must be personnel that have the knowledge of bringing customers, new and existing, into the store and purchase things that are a good deal. One must also have the knowledge of pricing merchandise to a customer’s satisfaction as well as bring in profit to the company. Having this knowledge will uplift the company to no end. Marketing research, a marketing plan, and a marketing strategy are also excellent tools to utilize in marketing. Without all these things, the marketing departments can more than likely fail the company as a whole whether it is by not advertising in the correct places, finding what the customer would like to see at the location, promoting sales, and/or planning things. Marketing research is â€Å"the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to satisfy customers† (Marketing Research, 2006). Marketing plans are also signi ficant to the success of the company. A marketing plan contains â€Å"details of specific tasks worked out by and for a business concerning how market research, product choice and pricing, advertising, promotion and distribution will be done†. To run a profitable and successful company, one must plan things to accomplish and have the advertising meet that need. If one store is not selling many of one item, however, another store in a different location is running out of the product, the company should rearrange the distribution to meet that need and not ignore it. A marketing strategy is â€Å"a business’ approach to marketing its products/ services expresses in broad terms, which forms the basis for developing a marketing plan† ( ). The marketing team will meet and discuss what they would like to see happen in the marketing department as well as the company. Then after this occurs and the team has decided on the issues, the marketing plan will occur and come into play for the company. Marketing is â€Å"the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to satisfy customers† (Glossary of Business Terms, n.d.). The marketing team could be split up into groups for different needs. One group can be responsible for advertising and promotion, another for distribution and pricing. There are a few different ways that the marketing department can be successful in choosing the correct product and place for the product if one is willing to put forth the effort and concentrate on the company and its future. Another definition of marketing is â€Å"finding out what customers want, then setting out to meet their needs, provided it can be done at a profit. Marketing includes market research, deciding on products and prices, advertising promoting distributing and selling† (Glossary of Business Terms, n.d.). In the organization that I am currently employed, my superiors do not sdee an need for marketing the company well. The superiors seem to think that word of mouth is good enough. This is not true and this may be the reason why the company is not successful. The owners are hardly making enough profit to live on. This is because of the short client list. If the company would take the advice of others that have given them a list of reasons why marketing and advertising is a necessity for the company, the company would be in much better shape. In conclusion, marketing is a necessity in any organization. The correct way of marketing is a necessity for success. The company can not and will not be a profitable company if it does not draw customers in the door to show them what the company is capable of. Without marketing, the product can not and will not make it onto the streets and people will not know where it is to even buy it. Word of mouth is an excellent tool; however, having marketing plans and strategies can and will increase the sales and popularity of the company. If more customers are coming in just to be curious to see the sales and products, the company will take off from the bootstraps where it was a while back. References Glossary of Business Terms (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2007, from smallbiz.nsw.gov.au/smallbusiness/Resources/Business+Tools/Glossary+of+Business+Terms/ Glossary of Business Terms (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2007, from cfdccariboo.com/glossary.htm Research Papers on Critical Components of a Successful OrganizationAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office SystemDefinition of Export QuotasIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalResearch Process Part OneBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfHip-Hop is ArtInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesOpen Architechture a white paper

The American Community and Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The American Community and Family - Essay Example He was very kind to his fellows, that" there were no dog that would bark at him". But in his own house with his family he is different, he doesn't perform goodness, he will just come with his dog and his rifle. His wife used to nag at him because of his laziness and irresponsibility in his own family. His wife is always angry to him because he is no useful in the family. Because Rip Van Winkle will rather help other people fix their fences than working on his farm. Unfortunately, time came that he couldn't takeaway anymore the words of his wife so he went to the mountain where he and his dog used to go to. But a strange dwarf came out and brought him to its world and makes him sleep for almost 20 years ago. When he went back to his town, people also don't even know him. But as his daughter approached the crowd then knew that he was the Rip Van Winkle who was lost over 20 years ago. But still the community came to accept him. Here we see that the people in the community have the role of recognizing an n individual due to its good performance. But if an individual came to be as a stranger, of course it won't give him positive responses, as long as he came to be known for long with them. In the story of Maxim Hong Kingston, the "No Name Woman" the character was bind to the Chinese world. In which she tend to discover his nature and herself's Chinese character. She studied the culture of the Chinese. She is searching for his Chinese part. But the story itself put it so splendidly, "The villagers punished her for acting as if she could have a private life, secret and apart from them." (p. 396) The two-story shows the interaction of each character to its community. In which, they have tried to be in it and to be out of it. They wanted to explore something for they which are out of the community's govern. The two stories is different. The community in relation to Rip they were kind to him and they treat him well. While in the "No Name Woman", everything is different. Her life is difficult. The society does not permit her to have her own life. They are opposed to her. Even her relatives. And in this part Rip and the woman is the same. When it comes to the family, they are the opposed, but the difference is that Rip is opposed by the family because of his own fault, being helpless to his own family, while "no name" is just willing to discover his own life in the Chinese world, but the family added the pain that she is experiencing. Here we see the interaction between an individual as a part of its society, the belongingness they will gain and the hardness they are experiencing. Bibliography American Short Stories *a file Compilation, Torio,P. MSEUF, Lucena City,Philippines;2005 Critical Analysis of No Name Woman, 21 September,